The core: made of silica, molten quartz, or plastic, in which optical waves propagate. The optical cladding: generally made of the same materials as the core but with additives, which confine the optical waves. An optical fiber cable is a complex structure designed to protect fragile glass fibers that transmit digital data using light signals. This advanced cabling solution allows fast, secure data transfer and telecom over long distances. In addition to this, they find great use in data centers, telecommunications infrastructure, and enterprise networks; knowing their structure guarantees proper deployment and a. Fiber optic cables are essential components in modern data transmission infrastructure.